Jharkhand Academic Council Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26 Official PDF

Unit No

Unit Name

Chapters Included

Marks Weightage

Number of Periods

I

Electrostatics

Electric Charges and Fields, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

16

26

II

Current Electricity

Current Electricity

-

18

III

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Moving Charges and Magnetism, Magnetism and Matter

17

25

IV

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Electromagnetic Induction, Alternating Currents

17

24

V

Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic Waves

18

4

VI

Optics

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments, Wave Optics

18

30

VII

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

12

8

VIII

Atoms and Nuclei

Atoms, Nuclei

-

15

IX

Electronic Devices

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits

7

10

Chapter No.

Chapter Name

Topics Covered

1

Electric Charges and Fields

Electric charges, Coulomb’s law, superposition principle, electric field, electric dipole, Gauss's theorem and applications

2

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electric potential, equipotential surfaces, conductors and insulators, dielectrics, capacitors, energy stored in capacitor

3

Current Electricity

Electric current, Ohm’s law, V-I characteristics, resistivity, cells and circuits, Kirchhoff’s rules, Wheatstone bridge

4

Moving Charges and Magnetism

Magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment, Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, force on moving charges, torque on current loop

5

Magnetism and Matter

Bar magnet, magnetic field intensity, magnetic dipole, magnetic properties of materials (para-, dia-, ferro-magnetic)

6

Electromagnetic Induction

Faraday’s laws, induced emf and current, Lenz’s law, self and mutual induction

7

Alternating Currents

AC current and voltage, reactance, impedance, LCR circuit, resonance, power factor, AC generator, transformer

8

Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement current, electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic spectrum, uses of different waves

9

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Reflection, refraction, spherical mirrors, lenses, optical fibers, microscopes, telescopes

10

Wave Optics

Wavefronts, Huygens principle, interference, Young’s double slit experiment, diffraction

11

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Photoelectric effect, Einstein’s photoelectric equation, matter waves, de Broglie relation

12

Atoms

Rutherford’s model, Bohr model of hydrogen atom, hydrogen spectra

13

Nuclei

Composition of nucleus, nuclear force, mass-energy relation, mass defect, nuclear fission and fusion

14

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

Energy bands, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, p-n junction diode, diode as rectifier

Section

Experiment/Activity No.

Description

Experiments

Section A

1

Determine resistivity of 2-3 wires by plotting graph of potential difference vs current

2

Find resistance of a given wire/standard resistor using metre bridge

3

Verify laws of combination of resistances (series OR parallel) using metre bridge

4

Determine resistance of galvanometer by half-deflection method and find figure of merit

5

Convert galvanometer into voltmeter or ammeter of desired range and verify

6

Find frequency of AC mains using a sonometer

Section B

1

Find value of v for different u for concave mirror and calculate focal length

2

Find focal length of convex mirror using convex lens

3

Find focal length of convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or 1/u and 1/v

4

Find focal length of concave lens using convex lens

5

Determine angle of minimum deviation for prism by plotting graph between angle of incidence and deviation

6

Determine refractive index of glass slab using traveling microscope

7

Find refractive index of liquid using convex lens and plane mirror

8

Find refractive index of liquid using concave mirror and plane mirror

9

Draw I-V characteristic curve for p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias

Activities

Section A

1

Measure resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron core

2

Measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC) and check circuit continuity using multimeter

3

Assemble household circuit with three bulbs, three switches, fuse, and power source

4

Assemble components of a given electrical circuit

5

Study variation in potential drop with length of wire for steady current

6

Draw, analyze, and correct the diagram of an open circuit with battery, resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter, voltmeter

Section B

1

Identify diode, LED, resistor, capacitor from a mixed collection

2

Use multimeter to observe unidirectional current flow in diode/LED and check component operation

3

Study effect of light intensity on LDR by varying distance of source

4

Observe refraction and lateral deviation of light beam on glass slab

5

Observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit

6

Study nature and size of image formed by convex lens or concave mirror using candle and screen

7

Obtain lens combination with specified focal length using two lenses from given set